Iran, officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a country located in Western Asia, bordered by Iraq, Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Its capital and largest city is Tehran. Iran has a rich cultural heritage, with a history dating back thousands of years. The country was home to several ancient civilizations, including the Elamites, Medes, and Persians, and has made significant contributions to art, literature, and science. The economy of Iran is largely based on oil and gas exports, which have been affected by international sanctions in recent years. The country has also developed a manufacturing sector, particularly in the areas of textiles, food processing, and automotive production. Iran is an Islamic republic, with a Supreme Leader as the head of state and a President as the head of government. The country has a complex political system that combines elements of democracy with Islamic governance. The official language is Persian, and Islam is the predominant religion, with the majority of the population following Shia Islam. Iran is known for its rich cultural traditions, including poetry, music, and cuisine, and is home to several UNESCO World Heritage sites, including the ancient city of Persepolis and the historic city of Isfahan.
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