Bhutan is a small landlocked country located in the eastern Himalayas, bordered by China to the north and India to the south, east, and west. Its capital and largest city is Thimphu. Bhutan is known for its unique approach to development, which emphasizes Gross National Happiness (GNH) rather than Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as a measure of progress. The country has a rich cultural heritage, and is known for its traditional arts, including weaving, painting, and sculpture. Bhutan is a constitutional monarchy, with a King as the head of state and a Prime Minister as the head of government. The country has a unique political system known as the dual system of government, which combines elements of a parliamentary democracy with traditional governance structures. Bhutan is also known for its commitment to environmental conservation, and is one of the few countries in the world that has pledged to remain carbon neutral. The country has a diverse range of ecosystems, including subtropical forests, alpine meadows, and snow-capped mountains, and is home to a wide variety of plant and animal species. The official language is Dzongkha, and Buddhism is the predominant religion. The country has made significant progress in improving social and economic indicators in recent years, but still faces challenges in areas such as education, healthcare, and gender equality.
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