Pallene is a small moon of Saturn, discovered by the Cassini spacecraft in 2004. It is named after the daughter of the sea god Triton in Greek mythology. Pallene is a very small moon, with an estimated diameter of only 4 kilometers. It orbits Saturn at a distance of approximately 211,000 kilometers and completes one orbit every 21 hours. Its surface is very bright and has a high albedo, indicating that it is covered in ice. Pallene is part of a group of small moons that orbit Saturn within the E ring, a diffuse ring of icy debris that extends outward from the planet's main ring system. It is thought that Pallene and other small moons in the E ring are the source of this material, which is continually replenished by micrometeoroid impacts on the moon's surfaces. Pallene has a very irregular shape, with a flattened appearance that suggests it may have experienced some tidal forces in its past. Its surface is covered in craters and other features that indicate that it has been impacted many times over its history. Although Pallene is too small and too distant to be studied in great detail, its discovery and study have provided important insights into the formation and evolution of the Saturnian system. Its unusual shape and composition suggest that it may have experienced some dynamic processes in its past, and its study continues to be a subject of scientific investigation.
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