Janus is a moon of Saturn, discovered by the astronomer Audouin Dollfus in 1966. It is one of the smaller moons of Saturn, with a diameter of about 179 kilometers. Janus is unique among the Saturnian moons because it shares its orbit with another moon named Epimetheus. These two moons are sometimes referred to as the "co-orbital moons" of Saturn. Janus has a somewhat irregular shape and a heavily cratered surface, with several large impact craters visible in its images. It also has a relatively low density, suggesting that it is composed of water ice and rocky material. Janus orbits Saturn at a distance of about 151,460 kilometers and takes about 0.69 Earth days to complete one orbit. One interesting feature of Janus is its interaction with Epimetheus. These two moons have an unusual orbital configuration where they swap orbits every four years, effectively sharing the same orbit around Saturn. This phenomenon is known as the "Janus-Epimetheus co-rotation" and is thought to have resulted from a collision between the two moons in the past. The Cassini spacecraft, which orbited Saturn from 2004 to 2017, captured several stunning images of Janus and its surroundings, providing valuable insights into the geology and composition of this interesting moon.
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